Urinalysis and Body Fluids
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Introduction to Urinalysis
Abnormal Urine Volumes
Urine Specimen Types, Urine Collection, Specimen Preservation
EXAMINATIONS OF THE URINE AND TESTS FOR
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE URINARY TRACT
Urine Chemistry and Pathophysiology
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF DISEASES OF THE URINARY TRACT
BACTERIAL INFECTIONS
FUNGAL INFECTIONS
PARASITE INFECTIONS
VIRAL INFECTIONS
Synovial and Joint Fluid
Cerebral Spinal Fluid (CSF)
Pericardial Fluid
Peritoneal Fluid
Pleural Fluid
Amniotic Fluid
References
Automated Urinalysis
Normal Urine Volume:
1200-1500 mL in adults
Normal range: 600-2000 mL
Oliguria: Lower Volumes Than Normal
<400 mL/day in adults
Causes include:
vomiting
diarrhea
perspiration
severe burns
Anuria: Absence of Urine
Cessation of urine flow
Causes include:
severe kidney damage
decreased renal blood flow
Nocturia: Increased Urine Excretion at Night
2-3x more excretion of urine per day than is normal for that person
Polyuria: Increased Volumes of Urine
>2.5 L/day of urine
Causes include:
diabetes mellitus
increased volume is caused by the need to excrete excess glucose that is not reabsorbed by the ultrafiltrate
polydipsia (increased thirst)
dilute urine
high specific gravity
diabetes insipidus
decreased production or function of the hormone ADH, resulting in decreased reabsorption of water from ultrafiltrate
polydipsia
dilute urine
low specific gravity
About
Contact
Introduction to Urinalysis
Abnormal Urine Volumes
Urine Specimen Types, Urine Collection, Specimen Preservation
EXAMINATIONS OF THE URINE AND TESTS FOR
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE URINARY TRACT
Urine Chemistry and Pathophysiology
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF DISEASES OF THE URINARY TRACT
BACTERIAL INFECTIONS
FUNGAL INFECTIONS
PARASITE INFECTIONS
VIRAL INFECTIONS
Synovial and Joint Fluid
Cerebral Spinal Fluid (CSF)
Pericardial Fluid
Peritoneal Fluid
Pleural Fluid
Amniotic Fluid
References
Automated Urinalysis